Personal Study Personal Statement Examples - 1394 Words

Areas of interest: Interested in practicing in an underserved area As a clinical Data Specialist at UT Southwestern, I work with multiple charity clinics that serve many of the high need areas of Dallas. Medical Research. As a clinical Data specialist at UT Southwestern, I participate in the research of stem cells and their possible effects on major depressive disorder. Primary Care I work as a clinical coordinator for the Vital Sign 6 project that brings measurement based care of major depressive disorder to the primary care setting. This project aims to increase major depression disorder remission rates at the primary care level. Have you experienced any academic road bumps in your academic career (low academic performance, dropping,†¦show more content†¦One course was across campus and I could not get from that class to my next class on time. The class that was more critical for my degree held priority so I dropped the less important one. What do you like or dislike most about the area you are from; your hometown (500 words or less)? Crawford is a small town with few people, but those people are what makes my hometown so wonderful. Many adolescents today do not hold the same values and work ethics as the generations before them did. They seem to have a sense of entitlement and lack the desire to work hard for the things that are important to them. But in Crawford, we have maintained these old values and I love that about my hometown. I understand the need to broaden my social circle in order to grow and challenge my identity, but there is something so profound about returning to the place you truly call home. I feel at easet there and dont have to censor myself or be politically correct and that’s when I feel most like myself. It is not that I am an offensive person or someone that has difficulty getting along with others, quite the opposite in fact. But at home, I can be myself without fear of judgment or repercussion because my family and community accept me for who I am without reserve. This sense of be longing has provided me with a strong fallback point in my life. Should I ever need it, I know I can always head back to Crawford toShow MoreRelatedPersonal Statement of Management Studies Essay examples593 Words   |  3 PagesMy enthusiasm for Management studies is very straightforward/clear: people, throughout life, will either manage or be managed. In both situations management skills are essential. The definitive turning point that confirmed my commitment to Management came at a Model UN in Rome, in March 2013. Whilst taking part in discussions on business related topics among hundreds of students at Luiss University, I strongly improved my analytical skills and developed strategies for helping underdeveloped countriesRead MoreEssay on Cmi 50011128 Words   |  5 PagesManagement amp; Leadership Unit 5001: Personal Development as a Manager and Leader Student Name: | | Delivery Partner: | | Country of Study: | | Date Assignment Submitted: | | Declaration Statement: By submitting this assignment for assessment, I am also confirming that the following report is the result of my own study and efforts. I understand that if this not the case, I will be putting at risk the successful completion of this qualification. Instructions: You are requiredRead MoreThe Impact Of Service Learning On Residency Interviews1547 Words   |  7 Pagesresidency personal statements. The aim of the study is to investigate how a narrative focused on the benefits of service learning in residency personal statements influence the resident selection process. METHODS Senior medical students completed a voluntary, confidential on-line survey to measure perceived influence of service learning on residency interviews. Student also uploaded their residency personal statements as part of the survey. Content analysis was conducted on the personal statements toRead MoreHow to Write a Supporting Statement1268 Words   |  6 Pagessupporting statements and personal statements Applications – the basics (Givens: to really take seriously, work on a photocopy/sheet of paper first, keep a copy of what has been sent, complete in black biro) †¢ Do not scatter-gun. Decide on a direction and stick at it. †¢ Put in your best effort – they WILL notice if you don’t. †¢ ‘Full’ or ‘complete’ details means what it says. Where it doesn’t, you may have licence to pick and choose. †¢ Personal/supportingRead MoreImportance Of Demystifying Medical School Admission757 Words   |  4 Pageshumor, personal stories, and advice, combined with the panelists created an energetic presentation style that managed to keep me up so early in the morning. In addition, while much of the presentation was admittedly a recap of information I already knew, there were a few pieces of valuable information presented. One bit of information was the deconstruction of the personal statement. I did not know there were actually two components to the personal statement: the disadvantage statement and theRead MoreRhetorical Strategies Used By Jason Lee Steorts For The Atlantic1536 Words   |  7 Pagesto while writing this article. Yet, When there is use, there is also misuse. It is through this case that even some misuse of the rhetorical strategies can lead a well balanced opinion article to become a very bias â€Å"puff piece.† One of the main examples of this, especially pertaining to the use of persuasion ( ethos, logos and pathos), is in an opinion piece written by Jason Lee Steorts for The Atlantic. This article was titled â€Å"When Should Cops Be Able to Use Deadly Force?† and for a controversialRead MoreAttitudes And Job Satisfaction - Walt Henderson1276 Words   |  6 Pagesand Job Satisfaction – Walt Henderson In the case study titled Walt Henderson, Walt Henderson works for a drafting company along side thirty other technicians that are supervised by two inspectors. Walt is demonstrating issues of a negative or unfavorable attitude at work. According to this class’s textbook â€Å"Attitudes are evaluative statements – either favorable or unfavorable – about objects, people, or events† (Robbins, and Judge 66). The study at hand, shows that Walt is a hard working individualRead MoreThe Relationship Between A Ball And A Harsh Place : A Study Of Black Male Community College Student Athletes And Academic1346 Words   |  6 PagesIn the article, Between a ball and a harsh place: A study of Black Male Community College Student-Athletes and Academic Progress, by Horton, Horton, Jr, research was conducted about how black male community college student athletes and the relationship between their ability to do well in school, compared to other non-student athletes. In th is article, I will be discussing the different parts of the research process that is used throughout the reading. In the following, I will be discussing; theRead MoreThe Working Alliance Between Supervisor And Supervisee970 Words   |  4 Pagesbenefits of a strong supervisory working alliance, self-disclosure received increased empirical attention. In this, we are beginning to understand the important role that self-disclosure plays within the supervisory learning environment. In their study of 108 clinical supervisees, Ladany and collegues (1996) demonstrated that students who reported a strong supervisory working alliance were more likely to self-disclose information deemed useful to learning, and were overall more satisfied with theirRead MoreComparative And Normative Function As A Standard Of Behavior1617 Words   |  7 Pagestowards others to see how they compare in terms of behavior and values. The normative function acts as a standard of behavior; when we are uncertain, we will look towards others to determine what is the normal and accepted. Sherif’s 1935 Autokinetic study provides a case of when normative influence becomes internalized. Participants were engaged in a perceptual judgment task either alone or in a group and were instructed to look at a light in a dark room. Although the light is stationary, it appears

The Effects Of Obesity On People, Cancers And Type 2 Diabetes

Introduction: Obesity has become a growing issue in the recent years and its increasing trend is now referred to as a ‘pandemic’ by many researchers and scientists. With a  £3.2 billion currently estimated cost of overweight and obesity to the NHS, one can understand the growing interest in this matter. This essay is going to discuss the bad effects of obesity on people, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers and type-2 diabetes. Then, this essay will talk about the causes, and how junk food and bad diet can cause obesity. The causes of obesity are lack of exercise or inactivity and genetic genes as according to (Ebbeling, et al, (2002)), obesity can be caused due to genes, which is an unpreventable cause. Finally, this essay will give solutions for these causes and recommend some methods to prevent obesity. It is most commonly measured using a tool called Body Mass Index (BMI) that measures body fat of men and women based on their height and weight. To understand the reasons why prevention and treatment of obesity have become an urgent matter, it is essential to first examine the effects it has on health and whether its impact is limited to a particular area. Prevention and treatment methods will also need to be examined to understand their true potential and limits. Although obesity itself and the obesity related diseases are directly linked to a poorer quality of life, it has a far more dramatic impact on individuals. According to Allende and Rayner (2007), obesityShow MoreRelatedNutrition, Obesity, and Disease789 Words   |  3 Pagescan prevent some diseases from occurring. Obesity is considered to be a major health crisis all over the world, it can lead to diseases such as: stroke, heart disease, hypertension, some cancers and many more (Coe, 2010). In 2010, research shows that 24.5% of adults in England were obese and 13.9% of children were obese, this number has only risen since then (NHS Information Centre, 2009 Coe, 2010). Millions of adults are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and that number will continue to increaseRead MoreObesity : A Serious Health Condition1452 Words   |  6 PagesObesity is a serious health condition that, if left untreated, causes serious health conditions. Contrary to popular belief, obesity is more than a condition caused by overeating and lack of exercise (Vallor 2013). Obesity is a disease (Callahan 2013); a disease that Americans are spending about $150 billion on annually (Zamosky 2013). Additionally, changing a person’s diet and exercise regimen may not be effective in some cases of obesity (Vallor 2013). Obesity is not like most well-known diseases;Read MoreEssay On St. Louis1597 Words   |  7 PagesThe health status according to the 2017 County Health Rankings, St. Louis has a homicide death rate of 33 people per 100,000 (â€Å"Crime,† 2017). The health care clinician to patient ratios for primary care physicians are 1 to 83 people, dentists are 1 to 48 people and menta l health is 1 to 272 people (â€Å"Crime,† 2017). The population that are uninsured is eleven percent and are between the ages of 18 to 65 (â€Å"Crime,† 2017). The Missouri Health Improvement Act of 2007 (Senate bill 577) seeks to makeRead MoreChildhood Obesity Is A Medical Condition1109 Words   |  5 Pages Childhood obesity is a medical condition that is found in children, teenagers and middle aged people. Everyone has a unique body shape and structure that is engineered right for them but sometimes the body will store more body fat than required. If an individual stores more fat than an average person is supposed to, then they can be categorized as obese. Childhood obesity can be identified seeing if the weight of a child is well above that of an average for a child s height and age. For anRead MoreThe Effects Of Too Much Sugar On The Body1197 Words   |  5 PagesAnnie Schindler G Period 2/2/2016 Chemistry Honors Effects of Too Much Sugar on the Body Sugar is added to almost everything we eat and drink in today’s society. It is in everything from candy and ice cream to plain crackers. It appears on nutrition labels in many different names such as high-fructose corn syrup, maltose, honey, glucose, and sucrose (Fed Up). In grocery stores, around 80% of processed foods have sugar added to them (Fed Up). Although it is obvious that overeating foodsRead MoreDiabetes : Obesity And Lack Of Physical Activity986 Words   |  4 PagesDiabetes: Due to the insane rise of obesity and lack of physical activity there is an epidemic rate of diabetes, worldwide. Diabetes leads to increased risk of heart disease, kidney disease, stroke and infections. Increased physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight plays a critical role in the prevention and treatment of diabetes. With a staggering 300 plus million people worldwide with diabetes, statistics are predicting that diabetes will be the 7th leading cause of death in the worldRead Mo reObesity s Effect On Sex Essay1623 Words   |  7 PagesObesity s Effect On Sex Image retrieved from http://panarchy-sj.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/low-sex-drive-woman.jpg (Imaged retrieved from ) According to the CDC website the percentage of adults at the age of 20 with obesity in the United States is 37.% from the years 2013-2014 but the percentage of adults 20 years and older with overweight and obesity is a staggering 70.7% of the United States. In women obesity was rated higher with 38.3% than in men with a 34.3% of the population fromRead MoreObesity : Obesity And Obesity Essay1169 Words   |  5 PagesObesity Obesity refers to excess body fat while overweight refers to excess body weight in terms of excess fat, muscles, bone or water. According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2009–2010), about 69% of the adult population in the U.S. is overweight or obese, with more than 78 million adults being obese. Consistent with the survey, at least 2 in 3 adults are overweight or obese and more than 1 in 3 adults are obese. In addition, more than 1 in 20 adults in the URead MoreObesity And The United States1265 Words   |  6 Pages Obesity in the United States has been a serious problem affecting Americans and has been continually growing higher in numbers each year. American obesity has nearly doubled within the last 40 years and is now considered to be an epidemic that is affecting millions of people around the nation. According to the National institute of Diabetes and digestive and kidney Diseases, 31% of men and 35% of women are considered seriously overweight, along with 15% of children between the ages of six and nineteenRead MoreIn The Last Twenty-Five Years, America Has Embraced A Lifestyle1314 Words   |  6 Pagespreventable health issues that includes Type II Diabetes, high blood pressure, heart diseases, liver failure, kidney disease, stroke, cancers, and a decrease in fertility. This trend is frightening for millions of Americans because it shortens their lifespan and quality of life. As a result of the negative effects of obesity, children are being subjected to the media, marketing, and poor e ducation that promotes and leads to the lack of knowledge and acceptance to obesity. Overall, our great nation is suffering

Bollywood Sociology for Indian Fashion and Culture- myassignmenthelp

Question: How Fashion Changed Over Time in Bollywood Answer: Introduction Indian culture can be defined as one of the richest and oldest as India has an ancient heritage. Now, India has more than 1 billion population and there are many festivals which happen each year. This diversity makes the Indian culture manifold and India has long fashion history. As there are many groups, tribes and religious people live in India, the fashion sense of Indian is distinguished. Indians have an ancient clothing fashion tradition; moreover, the 90s witnessed rapid growth in fashion sense. Increasing exposure of westernisation and global fashion impacted the Indian culture. Economic liberalisation is one of the reasons of society's growth in fashion. Post-independence society mainly focused on traditional design and textile that led to the fashion of ethnic dressing. However, in recent times, Indian society and Indian Bollywood industry follow the adoption of western culture and fashion. Bollywood films are a huge part of the culture of India and these show different aspe cts of Indian culture and its fashion senses (Desai et al. 2015). Of late, Bollywood is getting more modernise with the touch of westernisation. Bollywood is losing its culture of Indianness In the early stage, Indian cinema set its Bollywood style of fashion through Bhanu Athaiya as he started experimenting with Indian costume designs. His works of fashion in Sahib Bibi Aur Ghulam (1962), Teesri Manzil (1966) set the trends in Bollywood and Indian mass market followed the fashion style. Since the time of Anarkali Suits, Sadhana Cut (body-hugging sleeveless salwar), Mumtaz Saree, Retro-style Bell-bottoms, Bobby Print, Bollywood always created new using Indian fashion and culture. In recent times, Indian female actresses are now following the retro style and imitated the old fashion. Chiffon Saris was in fashion for old days and still, it is one of the trendsetters in Bollywood. However, with the time, western outfits are stealing the fashion from Indian culture. Sonam Kapoor, arguably best-dressed actress in recent time in Bollywood uses western dress to exhibit her graceful looks. Priyanka Chopra follows the western dressing sense to cope up with Hollywood culture and m ovies. Indian heroines are trying to make skinny looks, glowing skin and a great smile. Their grown, candy-coloured dress, minis and least saris make the Bollywood divas westernised. However, the touch of Indian culture is getting lowered in Bollywood films and heroines preferred short dresses, slender legs and high heels make them less Bollywood, more westernised. The Recent fashion sense of merging Indian ethnic wear with western culture is in vogue (Singh and Gupta 2014). Kareena Kapoors Patiala-ShahiSalwar with long T-shirt is one such example of this and Indian audiences like this by making this trend a huge hit. Long kurta with blue denim for the Indian actress is famous pair of dresses in onscreen, along with this Bohemian styling is new fashion trends for Indian cinema. Lack of Indianness is proven the fact with melting towards the multiethnic group with open-minded fashion is obvious. Fashion in dress is not all, Indian film stars are following westernised haircuts and in m usic, the sound is more like the Western song. Westernisation of Bollywood fashion In a previous time, When Indian actors and actresses wore simple dresses and Indian masses could identify them with fashion and culture. Now, Indian people are more educated and they are getting more used to with Westernised culture. Mass people want to see such western touch in Bollywood films also and Bollywood fashions and name movies are westernised also (Arora 2014). The silver screen of Indian cinema halls and televisions are ruining the traditional fashion sense. Traditional dhoti-kurta is bygone days and jeans, t-shirts and suits are in fashion. Lifestyles of people are changed now and style of fashion in daily life is changed also. Bollywood fashion designers like Manish Malhotra, Sabyasachi Mukherjee, Vikram Phadnis and Suriley Goel believe in merging western and Indian fashion sensibilities. Indian film industry made itself free from the bondage of British influence and made its own identity, however, in recent influx of westernisation, the independent culture is getting s ubmerged (Skeptikai.com 2017). The language, the dressing, the storyline and even the names of the movies are influenced by the western culture in Bollywood. Indian cinema is becoming westernised not for targeting the global market nor to appeal foreigners, but to target mostly the Indian people. Indian culture and society are mainly demand western fashion, culture, music and style. As stated by Davis (2014), fashion generally as a style or system of dress that encodes presentation of the body. Moreover, fashion mainly concerns of presentation of body and the messages it bears through this. Bollywood industry is trendsetters in India for fashion and public follow the trend in the mass market. Globalisation and Bollywood Bollywood becomes global as the number of released cinemas in India is increasing and the market is expanding. Bollywood is competing in the International market. Bollywood is now appealing to wider audiences through western touches to Hollywood movies. An example of 1990s Bollywood blockbuster film was Aashiqui and on that film, young adults wore westernised clothes and female characters wore dressed that passed her knees. In 2000, another blockbuster movie named Kaho Na Pyar Hai, lead film stars wore westernised dress and skin was revealed. Most importantly, heroine wore bikini tops. In recent times, another trendsetter movie was I Hate Luv Storys (2010), the name also suggested the western touch. The attire of leads was extremely western and it mimicked what typically be seen in films of Hollywood. Recently, Indian award-giving functions are held in abroad where many western celebrities remain present. The dressing style of actors and actresses more like westernised, it shows west ern culture has a detrimental effect in Bollywood. India has famous media to connect to the public that is film and Bollywood are trying to do the justice of this. However, Western culture and influences are too many and Indian traditions are lost. In a previous time, fashion, culture and soulful music were the heart of Indian music, for now, this touch of the heartbeat is missing. The desire to follow western-like themes has directly affected the westernised fashion in films. Reference List Arora, S., 2014. Globalized Frames of Indian Fashion.Global Studies Journal,6(1), pp.23-29 Davis, F., 2014.Fashion, culture, and identity. University of Chicago Press. Desai, J., Dudrah, R. and Rai, A., 2005. Bollywood audiences editorial.South Asian Popular Culture,3(2), pp.79-82. Rao, S., 2010. "I need an Indian touch": Glocalization and Bollywood Films. Journal of International and Intercultural Communication, 3(1), pp.1-19. Singh, J. and Gupta, K., 2014. Bollywood and Fashion Trends in India: A Longitudinal Study. International Journal of scientific research and management (IJSRM), 2(1), pp.491-495 Skeptikai.com. 2017.Bollywood Zombies and The Westernization of Indian Pop Culture | Skeptikai. Available at: https://skeptikai.com/2013/04/10/bollywood-zombies-and-the-westernization-of-indian-pop-culture/ [Accessed on 19 Sep. 2017].

SportsFans Essay Example For Students

SportsFans Essay Psycologists often look to find patterns of behavior among similar people in similar circumstances. One such study is that of the psycological effect of sports teams and their fans. In a study at Murry State University, Daniel L. Wann and Thomas J. Dolan tried to prove that fans that had a high association with their favorite team would be biassed in their evaluation of the past, preasent, and future preformances. Wann and Thomas study set out to prove that students at Murry State that had a high assosiation with their basketball team, when asked about their records in previous seasons would estimate more than actually were won. Also, if the students were asked about their predictions for the team in the present year, they would be a lot higher than they probably could acheive. Finally they would have them make predictions of their preformances of the future, and see if there was any pattern among those people. To accomplish this, Wann and Dolan used 106 sublects. Fourty four were ma le and sixty two were female, student volunteers, whom took part in the study for extra credit. At the time of this test the Murry State basketball team was first in their conference with a 4-1 record. The study consisted of a packet with many different questions in it that would help rate the people. The first page rated the persons identifiability with the team. It consisted of seven questions, each with a rating of 1 8 in association. The final two pages of the packet were the subjects assesment of the team. The subjects were asked questions like:how many games had the team won the previous year(The answer was 17); How many wins will they have this season (the answer to that ended up being 18); and how many wins do you see for the next season. The subjects then answered four self ratings on what they beleived was a) poor and outstanding, b) preforming well above or below expectations, c) bad or good teams, and d)teams with little or great ability. The students then were asked ho w they beleive the current team would end the season (ie. NCAA Champ., Conf. Winner, etc.), and asked to rate these possibilities. Wann and Dolan found that their Hypothesis was right and that sports fans that had a higher affiliation with the team, were more likely to padd the records of the team. They found that students tended to think the team fared better in previous seasons, and their predictions for the preasent and future were extremely overblown. In an article later Wann follows that their evaluation not only was true for teams with winning programs, but also with teams that have losing records also. Wann preformed this study to contradict a report by Hirt and Rials that differed in oppinion from his original study and said it was a biassed evaluation. IN his second study, Wann found that the same effect was true for dedicated fans of a losing team. They tended to do the same as the other fans did. Psycologists love to study the effects of certain things on people. not many have looked at the effect of sports on the fans. Though all people view things different ways, certain types of people, like those spectators with strong affiliation to a sport team, tend to have similar outlooks and bias on their preformance. Works Cited Wann, Daniel L and Thomas J Dolan (1994). Influence of Spectators Identification on Evaluation of the Past,Preasent,and Future Preformance of a Sports Team. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 78. 547-552 Wann, Daniel L. (1994). Biased Evaluation of Highly Identified Sports Spectators: A Responce to Hirt and Ryalls. Perceptual and Motor Skill, 79. 105-106. 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Coprolites - Fossil Feces as a Scientific Study

Coprolites - Fossil Feces as a Scientific Study Coprolite (plural coprolites) is the technical term for preserved human (or animal) feces. Preserved fossil feces are a fascinating study in archaeology, in that they provide direct evidence of what an individual animal or human ate. An archaeologist can find dietary remains in storage pits, midden deposits, and within stone or ceramic vessels, but materials found within human fecal matter are clear and unrefutable evidence that a particular food was consumed. Key Takeaways: Coprolites Coprolites are fossilized or preserved human or animal feces, and the focus of scientific research since the 1950s.  Studied contents include plant and animal remains, intestinal parasites and mites, and DNA.  Depending on the context they are found in, coprolites provide information about the diet and health of an individual mammal or a community.  Two other classes of the scientific study of excrement are sewage or cesspit deposits, and intestinal or gut contents.   Coprolites are a ubiquitous feature of human life, but they preserve best in dry caves and rock shelters and are occasionally discovered in sand dunes, dry soils, and swamp margins. They contain evidence of diet and subsistence, but they also can contain information about disease and pathogens, gender, and ancient DNA, evidence in a manner that is not readily available elsewhere. Three Classes In the study of human excrement, there are generally three classes of preserved fecal remains that are found archaeologically: sewage, coprolites, and intestinal contents. Sewage or Cess, including privy pits or latrines, cesspits, sewers, and drains, contain largely mixed assemblages of human feces together with kitchen and other organic and inorganic wastes. When they are found well-preserved, particularly when water-logged, cess deposits provide valuable information on the community or household diet and living conditions.Coprolites are individual fossil or subfossil feces, preserved through charring, mineralization, or found as desiccated samples in caves and extremely arid places. Each sample provides evidence for foods eaten by an individual, and if found in a latrine area can also reveal community-wide diets.Intestinal or Gut Contents refers to preserved human remains found within the intestines of well-preserved human or animal bodies. These are of the most value of the three for a study of an individual, because they are essentially uncontaminated remains which hold information on at most one or two meals, in fact, the last meal that the indiv idual consumed. Gut contents are relatively rare discoveries, found only when whole humans are preserved, in the case of natural or (if not too extensive) cultural mummification, freezing or freeze-drying (for example, Otzi the Tyrolean Iceman), or waterlogging (such as European Iron Age bog bodies). Content A human or animal coprolite can contain a diverse range of biological and mineral materials. Plant remains found in fossil feces include partly digested seeds, fruits, and fruit parts, pollen, starch grains, phytoliths, diatoms, burned organics (charcoal), and small plant fragments. Animal parts include tissue, bones, and hair. Other types of objects found in fecal matter include intestinal parasites or their eggs, insects, or mites. Mites, in particular, identify how the individual stored food; the presence of grit could be evidence of food processing techniques; and burned food and charcoal is evidence of cooking techniques. Studies on Steroids Coprolite studies are sometimes referred to as microhistology, but they include a wide range of topics: paleo diet, paleo-pharmacology (the study of ancient medicines), paleoenvironment and seasonality; biochemistry, molecular analysis, palynology, paleobotany, paleozoology, and ancient DNA. Those studies require that the feces be rehydrated, using a liquid (typically a water solution of tri-sodium phosphate) to reconstitute the feces, unfortunately also including the odors. Then the reconstituted material is examined under detailed light and electron microscope analysis, as well as subjected to radiocarbon dating, DNA analysis, macro- and micro-fossil analyses and other studies of inorganic content. Coprolite studies have also included the investigations of chemical, immunological protein, steroids (which determine sex), and DNA studies, in addition to phytoliths, pollen, parasites, algae, and viruses. Classic Coprolite Studies Hinds Cave, a dry rock shelter in southwest Texas which had been used as a latrine for hunter-gatherers about six thousand years ago contained several deposits of feces, 100 samples of which were collected by archaeologist Glenna Williams-Dean in the late 1970s. The data Dean collected during her Ph.D. research have been studied and analyzed by generations of scholars since that time. Dean herself ran pioneer experimental archaeology studies using students to provide test fecal matter arising from documented dietary input, an unparalleled data set even today. Foodstuffs recognized in the Hinds Cave included agave, opuntia, and allium; seasonality studies indicated that the feces had been deposited between winter-early spring and summer. One of the earliest discovered pieces of credible evidence for pre-Clovis sites in North America was from coprolites discovered at Paisley 5 Mile Point Caves in Oregon state. The recovery of 14 coprolites was reported in 2008, the oldest individually radiocarbon dated to 12,300 RCYBP (14,000 calendar years ago). Unfortunately, all of them were contaminated by the excavators, but several included ancient DNA and other genetic markers for Paleoindian people. Most recently, biomarkers found in the earliest dated specimen suggest it was not human after all, although Sistiaga and colleagues had no explanation for the presence of Paleoindian mtDNA within it. Other credible pre-Clovis sites have been found since that time. History of the Study The most important proponent of research into coprolites was Eric O. Callen (1912–1970), a maverick Scottish botanist interested in plant pathologies. Callen, with a Ph.D. in botany from Edinburgh, worked as a plant pathologist at McGill University and in the early 1950s, one of his colleagues was Thomas Cameron (1894–1980), a member of the parasitology faculty. In 1951, archaeologist Junius Bird (1907–1982) visited McGill. A few years prior to his visit, Bird had discovered coprolites at the site of Huaca Prieta de Chicama in Peru and collected a few fecal samples from the intestines of a mummy found at the site. Bird gave the samples to Cameron and asked him to search for evidence of human parasites. Callen learned of the samples and asked for a few samples of his own to study, to look for traces of fungi that infect and destroy maize. In their article recounting Callans importance to the microhistology, American archaeologists Vaughn Bryant and Glenna Dean point out how remarkable it is that this very first study of ancient human coprolites was conducted by two scholars with no formal training in anthropology. Callans role in the pioneering study included the identification of a suitable rehydration process, still used today: a weak solution of trisodium phosphate used by zoologists in similar studies. His research was necessarily restricted to macroscopic studies of the remains, but the specimens did contain a wide variety of macrofossils that reflected the ancient diet. Callan, who died conducting research at Pikimachay, Peru in 1970, is credited with inventing techniques and promoting the study at a time when microhistology was disparaged as bizarre research. Selected Sources Bryant, Vaughn M., and Glenna W. Dean. Archaeological Coprolite Science: The Legacy of Eric O. Callen (1912–1970). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 237.1 (2006): 51–66. Print.Camacho, Morgana, et al. Recovering Parasites from Mummies and Coprolites: An Epidemiological Approach. Parasites Vectors 11.1 (2018): 248. Print.Chaves, Sà ©rgio Augusto de Miranda, and Karl J. Reinhard. Critical Analysis of Coprolite Evidence of Medicinal Plant Use, Piauà ­, Brazil. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 237.1 (2006): 110–18. Print.Dean, Glenna W. The Science of Coprolite Analysis: The View from Hinds Cave. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 237.1 (2006): 67–79. Print.Reinhard, Karl J., et al. Understanding the Pathoecological Relationship between Ancient Diet and Modern Diabetes through Coprolite Analysis: A Case Example from Antelope Cave, Mojave County, Arizona. Current Anthropology 53.4 (2012): 506–12. Print.W ood, Jamie R., and Janet M. Wilmshurst. A Protocol for Subsampling Late Quaternary Coprolites for Multi-Proxy Analysis. Quaternary Science Reviews 138 (2016): 1–5. Print.

Effective Selling-Sales Report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Effective Selling-Sales Report - Research Paper Example Apparently, the information about the design service is derived from the Company’s research department. The department is mandated to do thorough research on the type of designs that are found in the global market and those that are most preferred and common. Designs such as Florida, Bore, and Luxe are the ancient in the market, although there are other upcoming designs. As such, the company is at a better position to provide customized designs as per clients’ preferences.   Designing service revolves around numerous design types to work and the design process. Firstly, the client should come up with the design types that they wan design for them. In case, they do not have their preferences then the company is mandated to give consultation on the various designs in the market and those that are linked with the construction projects that have been carried out.Secondly, the company’s design process involves budget planning, spacing planning, interior detailing, m illwork, Furniture & Fabric, window treatments, finishing touches and exterior details. The most important part of design process is budget planning where the company   encourages the client to   give much thought   to the process, where discussion   is anticipated on   how to spend on the   whole project.   Additionally, the budget planning entails a set fee which has diverse types of design process. This set fee allows the company to be at the service of the client company without having to accrue hourly charges.

Chain-growth polymerization reactions Lab Report

Chain-growth polymerization reactions - Lab Report Example Chain growth polymerization occurs in distinctive steps. The first step involves chain initiation in which an initiator commences the chemical process. The next step involves chain elongation followed by chain transfer. Chain transfer concludes the chain after which the active site is moved to the new chain. Polymers, solvents and monomers can facilitate this. This processes leads to an increase in the branching of the ensuing polymer. Chain termination occurs as the last step through disproportion or combination. Termination in fundamental polymerization occurs when free radicals combine. The active center for a chain growth polymerization can assume the state of a free radical in the corresponding polymerization. Radical polymerization in this case involves the successive addition of radical building blocks. This can occur through several mechanisms, which involve different initiator molecules (Wünsch 131). After the generation process, the initiating radical adds monomer units, which leads to the growth of the polymer. Chain growth polymerization such as radical polymerization reactions leads to the generation of different material composites and polymers. Radical polymerization involves different initiators such as thermal decomposition in which the bond is homolytically cleaved leading to the production of two radicals. Photolysis involves the use of radiation in cleaving bonds homolytically. The initiation step is followed by the propagation in which the polymer increases its chain length. The termination process follows unless the reaction has contaminants, which can contribute to the addition of monomers (Richardson, and Erik 92). Chain transfer occurs as the last step, which leads to the destruction of a radical and construction of another radical. However, the new radical usually does not have propagation capabilities. Chain growth polymerization leads to the formation of an elevated molecular weight polymer at low conversion. In this case, the